Oral Presentation Society for Freshwater Science 2026 Annual Meeting

Stream warming and light availability mediate post-disturbance recovery of nutrient uptake rates and reach-scale metabolism. (136024)

Ryan T Meyer 1 , Jennifer L Tank 1 , Mitchell J Liddick 1 , Emma M Thrift-Cahall 1 , Ursula H Mahl 1
  1. University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States

Stream ecosystems are increasingly shaped by both climate and land use change, yet the consequences of interacting stressors on stream ecosystem function remain poorly understood. We used experimental streams to test how temperature and light influence recovery of stream ecosystem function after stream scouring. We hypothesized that during recolonization, nutrient uptake would be highest in warm-open canopy streams because warming stimulates metabolism of both autotrophs and heterotrophs, while light availability further stimulates algae and hence gross primary production (GPP). In contrast, nutrient uptake would be lowest in the cool-shaded treatment because cooling suppresses metabolic activity while a lack of light limits GPP. Finally, we predicted that ammonium (NH4+-N) uptake would be higher than that for nitrate (NO3--N) uptake due to solute-specific preferential demand. During Summer 2025, we conducted short-term nutrient additions of NO3--N, NH4+-N, and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) in replicated (N=4) streams at the Notre Dame Linked Experimental Ecosystem Facility using the Linked Experimental Temperature System (ND-LEEF-LETS), to warm (+2.5°C) and cool (-2.5°C) two open and two shaded (90% shadecloth) streams in a fully-crossed design. We conducted the short-term additions one day before, and on days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 after a scouring event. We found that nutrient demand, (expressed as Vf: mm min-1) regardless of solute, was highest in the warm-open, followed by warm-shaded, cool-open, and cool-shaded treatments, indicating that warming is a key control on uptake velocity (ANOVA; NH4+-N; F=6.9, p<0.001, SRP; F=4.5, p<0.001, and NO3--N; F=2.7, p>0.05). Only NH4+-N and SRP in the cool-shaded treatment exceeded pre-scouring Vf. All streams were heterotrophic, with ecosystem respiration (ER) exceeding GPP (GPP:ER<1), although the warm-open treatment exhibited the highest GPP:ER ratio (0.51; ANOVA; F=7.9, p<0.001). Cumulative GPP was highest in the warm-open treatment, followed by the cool-open treatment, while both shaded streams had very low GPP (ANOVA; F=22.4, p<0.001). These results demonstrate that warming altered both autotrophic and heterotrophic processes, whereas light availability only mediated autotrophs. By partitioning these effects we show that temperature and light regulate different components of metabolism and nutrient demand after disturbance.