Oral Presentation Society for Freshwater Science 2026 Annual Meeting

Acclimation in action: Recycled water boosts nutrient uptake over time (135675)

Ashley Hennessey 1 , Chamoda PDM Dissanayake 2 , Michael Mantone 1 , Audrey Goeckner 3 , Ashley Smyth 4 , Lindsey Reisinger 2 , AJ Reisinger 1
  1. Soil, Water, & Ecosystem Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
  2. School of Forestry, Fisheries, & Geomatic Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
  3. Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
  4. Tropical Research and Education Center, Department of Soil, Water, and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Florida, Homestead, FL, United States

Recycled water (RW), municipal wastewater that has been processed to remove impurities (including solids) and treated to reduce harmful substances, is an increasingly important component of freshwater systems. RW discharge, intentional or unintentional, represents a major pathway for excess nutrients, pharmaceuticals, antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), and other biologically active contaminants to enter wetlands and downstream ecosystems. Constructed wetlands are widely used as tertiary treatment systems to “polish” RW prior to discharge, yet the ecological consequences of RW remain poorly understood. To evaluate how exposure to RW influences the biogeochemistry of wetland sediments, we conducted controlled microcosm experiments to isolate the effects of RW exposure on ecosystem respiration, nutrient cycling, and microbial processes in sediments from six Florida wetlands (three natural and three constructed) across seasons. Sediments were incubated with either native site water or RW collected from local municipalities under acute (Day 0) and acclimated (Day 7) exposure conditions. We quantified sediment respiration, denitrification (net N₂ production), nutrient uptake (NH₄⁺, NOₓ, PO₄³⁻), and dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition, and characterized microbial communities to evaluate how RW exposure alters wetland biogeochemical processes and microbial structure. Preliminary wet-season (May-October) results show functional shifts following RW exposure. Natural wetland sediments initially released ammonium and phosphate under RW exposure, whereas constructed wetland sediments exhibited weaker or neutral responses. After seven days of RW acclimation, all RW-amended treatments shifted toward net NH₄⁺ and PO₄³⁻ uptake (including both natural and constructed wetland sediments), indicating rapid microbial or geochemical adjustment to RW chemistry. In contrast, NOₓ dynamics remained highly variable, suggesting complex interaction among assimilatory and dissimilatory (e.g., nitrification and denitrification). Together, these results demonstrate that short-term RW acclimation can rapidly reorganize wetland biogeochemical function, with important implications for the influence of pharmaceutical-contaminated RW on ecosystem processes. Ongoing analyses of microbial community composition, denitrification genes, and ARG abundance will reveal mechanistic linkages between contaminant exposure, biological responses, and biogeochemical impacts, further resolving how prior exposure to RW mediates potential resistance or persistence to contaminants in wetland ecosystems.