Poster Presentation Society for Freshwater Science 2026 Annual Meeting

Assessing Aquatic Ecosystem Resilience: Bioaccumulation Potential of 6PPD-Q in Rusty Crayfish (136174)

Mary Engels 1 , Sultan Aljohani 1
  1. University of Idaho, Moscow, IDAHO, United States

6PPD-Q ((1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N-phenyl-p phenylenediamine-‎quinone) is a contaminant of emerging concern found in stormwater runoff. It leaches from tires and tire wear particles and is known to be toxic to a variety of aquatic organisms, including Coho salmon and brook trout. Understanding how aquatic species respond to and potentially resist bioaccumulation of emerging contaminants is critical for assessing ecosystem resilience in the face of increasing urban stormwater inputs. A log KOW of 4.0 suggests potential for 6PPD-Q bioaccumulation, however only a few aquatic species have been assessed. This study evaluates bioaccumulation of 6PPD-Q in Rusty crayfish (Faxonius rusticus) and we report findings from a laboratory ecotoxicological experiment and in situ field sampling from three watersheds in the upper Columbia River Basin. The laboratory experimental design exposed crayfish to nine different concentrations of 6PPD-Q (0, 5, 25, 95, 250, 500, 1,000, 5,000, and 10,000 ng/L). Replicate crayfish tissue and water samples were collected at 0, 24, 48, ‎and 96 hr intervals, and 6PPD-Q concentrations in tissues and waters were quantified using a UPLC coupled ‎to a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer. Field water and tissue samples were collected from 6 sites across a spectrum of rural and urban land uses and quantified using the same methods developed for the laboratory analyses. The findings point to limited bioaccumulation potential of 6PPD-Q in crayfish tissues even under the highest exposure scenarios, though very low concentrations (<1 ng/L) were detected in field-collected samples. These results suggest that crayfish demonstrate resilience to bioaccumulation even under high exposure conditions, potentially through rapid depuration or metabolic transformation. While crayfish may not be ideal biomonitoring organisms for 6PPD-Q, the data provide valuable insight into exposure durations and toxicokinetic dynamics in a common large aquatic macroinvertebrate, informing our understanding of species-specific response mechanisms that contribute to broader ecosystem resilience in watersheds experiencing tire-derived contamination.