The Everglades crayfish, Procambarus alleni is a short-lived crayfish that lives in seasonal subtropical wetlands in Florida and is an important diet item for nesting wading birds. The hydroperiod limitations of the populations of P. alleni and the mechanisms by which hydrologic variation influence crayfish production are not well understood. To address questions regarding population limitation by hydrologic stress, we studied Everglades crayfish in seasonal wetlands for 3 years. We selected and sampled six marl prairie sites (1 ha each) in two hydroperiod categories; three shorter hydroperiod (3-5 mo.) and three longer hydroperiod (7-9 mo.) sites. Below ground water depths appeared to recede a meter or more below ground in the shorter hydroperiod sites in some years. Aboveground crayfish densities and biomass were quantified with replicated 1-m2 throw traps multiple times annually from 2023-2025. During dry seasons, active crayfish burrows were tagged and monitored for two years to calculate burrow densities and emergence success in the wet season. We conducted linear mixed-effects models to identify effects of hydrologic variables on aboveground densities during 5 of the sample seasons when most sites were flooded to > 5 cm. Aboveground crayfish densities did not generally differ between regions during flooded seasons; densities in the longer hydroperiod sites were only significantly higher in October 2025 following 9 months of dry conditions at some short hydroperiod sites. The longer hydroperiod sites had significantly more aboveground biomass in two seasons when some short hydroperiod sites were too dry to sample. Mean biomass did not differ in three seasons when all sites were flooded (P > 0.1). Densities of active burrows varied between 2024 and 2025 in a way that suggested adult crayfish redistributed to lower elevation sites in anticipation of a longer 2025 dry season, but there were differences in the emergence rates between regions or years. Crayfish densities were both negatively correlated with long dry periods (days dry) and with deeper average depths over the past 6 months. The results suggest shallow conditions are important for promoting high densities of juveniles, but prolonged dry conditions (> 7 months) limit P. alleni densities.