Deforestation in the Amazon region has increased over the decades, with one of its main impacts being the destruction of vegetation cover due to agricultural activities. These land-use changes can affect carbon concentrations in the fluvial systems that are part of this biome. Therefore, the study aimed to identify areas vulnerable to environmental degradation and to understand how deforestation and land use influence carbon dynamics. Sampling was conducted between July and August 2024 in forty eight streams, and samples were analyzed using a dissolved carbon analyzer (TOC-L, Shimadzu, Japan). Results showed a tendency toward higher carbon concentrations in forested areas, although no statistically significant differences were detected (p = 0.1), possibly related to subsurface carbon inputs or anthropogenic carbon inputs in deforested areas. Overall, the findings indicate that multiple factors control carbon dynamics in Amazonian streams and, consequently, water quality, reinforcing the importance of continuous, integrated monitoring to support sustainable management of Amazonian water resources.