Macroinvertebrate Indices of Biotic Integrity (IBIs) in Central Appalachian streams often exhibit substantial variation between fall and spring sampling periods, yet mechanisms driving these seasonal differences remain poorly understood. In streams where mountaintop-mining has altered land-water linkages, these seasonal differences likely reflect both direct flow disturbances and variation in the strength of terrestrial-aquatic connections, as flow regimes regulate the magnitude and timing of material fluxes, thus altering the specific conductance (SC) signals of salt transported from mined landscapes. Previous studies suggest that SC affects pollution-sensitive taxa, while sample timing influences IBI assessment outcomes. However, the relative importance of flow disturbance versus elevated SC, and whether this relationship is consistent across space and time, has not yet been evaluated. We used a 12-year dataset (2011-2023) from 23 streams in the coalfields of southern West Virginia and southwest Virginia (including nine streams with continuous water level and three streams with estimated flow) to test whether seasonal differences in flow regimes and SC explain overall patterns in macroinvertebrate communities. We hypothesized that: 1. flow disturbances differentially affect communities between seasons due to variation in flow magnitude and community composition, 2. SC impacts at low flows vary seasonally as flow-SC relationships change, and 3. flow and SC effects are consistent both temporally (across years within each season) and spatially (across streams within each year). Using Bayesian hierarchical models with random effects for stream and year, and random slopes to assess spatial and temporal consistency, we evaluated IBI metrics as functions of season, flow (or water level), SC, and their interactions. Preliminary analyses across 12 years of paired macroinvertebrate and SC data reveal distinct seasonal patterns in IBI scores. The full model results will quantify roles of flow, SC, and their interactions to improve our understanding of how mining-altered terrestrial-aquatic connections influence biological impairment through seasonal variation in contaminant transport pathways. These findings will inform appropriate timing for bioassessments in mining-impacted watersheds and clarify whether management should prioritize flow stabilization, SC reduction, or other seasonal considerations to restore the strength and resilience of aquatic-terrestrial linkages and mitigate biological impairment from mining activities.